1. Michael Artin, Algebra, Prentice Hall, 2011.

2. Thomas W. Hungerford, Algebra, Springer, 1974.

3. Joseph A. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra, Cengage, 2016.

4. David S. Dummit and Richard M. Foote, Abstract Algebra, Wiley, 2004.

5. John B. Fraleigh, A First Course in Abstract Algebra, Pearson, 2002.

Geometry

• Core Concepts: Points, lines, angles, polygons, circles, congruence, similarity, area, perimeter, volume.

• Learning Objectives: Apply formulas, construct proofs, interpret diagrams, reason spatially.

• Advanced Topics:

  • Differential geometry: curves, surfaces, curvature.

  • Topology foundations: continuous deformations.

  • Geometric transformations: isometries, rotations, dilations.

• Applications: Architecture, CAD design, robotics, physics.