On the energy front, solar energy has become more efficient and affordable than ever. New photovoltaic materials and panel designs are increasing energy output while reducing costs, pushing solar into mainstream adoption across industries and homes.

Materials science is ushering in a new era with the discovery and engineering of 2D materials such as graphene and molybdenum disulfide. These substances are incredibly strong, flexible, and conductive—ideal for use in next-gen electronics, renewable energy systems, and even medical implants.